摘要：Right from the beginning to the end of the 18th-century,a large number of British women poets stepped out as outright and eloquent patriots.Through celebration,persuasion,and protest with their poems,18th-century British women poets voiced out their patriotism,especially in their promotion of the British national identity by building up national confidence,constructing national ideals,and bringing the national ideals closer together with the actual practices during national crises in the War of American Independence,anti-slavery activism,and the French Revolution.The majority of their patriotic poems got published in the 18th-century.Their patriotic voices,especially those of their vigorous construction of the British national identity,have been largely neglected and therefore should be fully acknowledged since that identity they helped to promote remains a key issue for the British even today.

摘要：In Conan Doyle’s detective stories mainly including“The Resident Patient,”“The Gloria Scott,”“The Adventure of Blanched Soldier,”and“The Crooked Man,”featuring the master sleuth character Sherlock Holmes,he depicts the return of the colonials from British colonies,mostly India,with physically deformed or ravaged body and traumatic past that haunt and trouble his characters’present life.Doyle allegorically uses returned colonials or poor whites who turn into figures of retributive ghosts that function as pathetic memories and inner fears from British colonies.The seeing of ghostly figures and haunting past events delineated in these stories cause characters’sense of uncanny horror and remind them of their past trauma.These monstrous returned colonials or poor whites often create a fear and a social menace that must be appropriately dealt with when the master sleuth is commissioned to pin down the truth of client’s cases.Why are these bodies of ghostly figures so“irregular”and ravaged?What do these deformities signify?How can returned colonial’s or poor white’s traumatic past be related to retributive ghost?This paper attempts to probe into these issues in order to find out possible answers.

摘要：I Stand Here Ironing is Tillie Olsen’s first novel of her back to writing after several years’silence.It reflects the real living condition of marginalized women through the description of a daughter by the mother’s memories.Based on Susan S.Lanser’s distinction of three modes of narrative voice in feminist narratology,this paper analyzes three narrative voices in this novel.Olsen employs multiple narrative voices in the novel in order to release the voice of the marginalized women in the silence,she destroys the male’s authority and constructs the discourse authority of silent,poor working-class women.

摘要：In Jon Krakauer’s nonfiction writing,Into the Wild(1996),away from the early 1990s’American society filled with products and information,young McCandless headed for the Alaskan Wilderness which was believed as the last frontier.This remote wilderness far beyond several designated wilderness areas in the American West was a destination of his spiritual journey.The image of the wilderness overlaps with the desert in the fourth-century hagiographic literature in terms of solitude,pure and sacred.Although the image of the wilderness is an illusion,harsh experience quite different from daily routine give McCandless a sense of reality.If his purpose of going to wildernesses was searching for“authentic self”through“bodily feelings”(Wang,361),the remote wilderness would be reckoned to have“existential authenticity”(Wang,358)which makes him feel reality.However,when the wilderness experience inspired McCandless to go back home,a sense of reality shifted from the remote wilderness to society.Into the Wild is probably not literature to praise desert solitude,rather,Krakauer focuses on the relative self among people.

摘要：On the surface,Desire Under the Elms is a tragedy of the Cabot family which borrows its plot from the ancient Greek tragedy and legend Hippolytus and Medea by Euripides and the Greek myth Oedipus by Sophocles,about lust,incest,Oedipus complex and infanticide,etc.enriched and elevated,however the root of all the tragedies in the family lies in Ephraim Cabot’s Puritanism.